Pedagogical discourses on the formative value of historical teaching:
perspectives of teacher educators
Abstract
The purpose of the research was to distinguish pedagogical discourses of
academics who train teachers of history and geography, regarding the formative
value of historical teaching in current times. The study was carried out from a
qualitative methodology, using hermeneutic phenomenology as a base
epistemology and in-depth interviews as a technique for the production of
information. The results made it possible to distinguish the discursive
predominance of educational values associated with citizenship training, the
development of critical thinking and the emergence of the intercultural perspective
in history teaching. On the contrary, traditional formative values such as history
and training in national identity are scarcely mentioned in their classical version,
being re-signified towards training in reflexivity and local identities in the
discourses of teacher educators. It was concluded that, in the present context, an
emerging category can be conceived as a formative value in history teaching, such
as training in interculturality, which has the potential to favor the study and
teaching of history in a decolonial perspective.
Keywords: Pedagogical discourses, formative value, history teaching, teachers.
Introducción
Las investigaciones teóricas, han caracterizada a las materias de enseñanza
o de disciplinas escolares como productos sociales e históricos, debido a que son
el resultante de una tradición inventada en lugar de formas de conocimiento
producidas en y desde un saber académico. Con los aportes de Goodson (1995),
principal exponente de la vertiente anglosajona del campo, queda establecido el
carácter contencioso y mutable de estos constructos, producto de las
configuraciones políticas, hegemonías y consensos sociales. Desde la perspectiva
francófona del asunto, Chervel (1991 y 1998), así como Julia (1996 y 2000),
afirman que estas disciplinas son creaciones configuradas en la institucionalidad
escolar, espacio al que conciben como dotado de una cultura propia, la cultura