Palabras clave
mecanismos de control
autonomía
algoritmos social justice
control mechanisms
autonomy
algorithms
Cómo citar
Resumen
Este estudio examina los límites morales, los derechos y la responsabilidad ética en la inteligencia artificial (IA), centrándose en la toma de decisiones éticas. Mediante un análisis sistemático de fuentes científicas, documentos legales y aplicaciones de IA en el mundo real en medicina y justicia, la investigación destaca importantes cuestiones de rendición de cuentas. Los algoritmos de IA han mostrado sesgos, en particular en los sistemas legales, donde las evaluaciones del riesgo de reincidencia afectan desproporcionadamente a los grupos étnicos, lo que crea incertidumbre jurídica. Sesgos similares aparecen en los diagnósticos médicos, que afectan a enfermedades como el cáncer de pulmón y la tuberculosis. El estudio confirma que la IA carece de conciencia y libre albedrío, lo que significa que la responsabilidad debe recaer en los desarrolladores o usuarios. Si bien los marcos legales regulan la ética de la IA, no abordan por completo la toma de decisiones independiente. Los hallazgos enfatizan la necesidad de mejorar la transparencia y la rendición de cuentas en la regulación de la IA.
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